Bioavailability and effect of ?-Fe2O3 nanoparticles on growth, fatty acid composition and morphological indices of Chlorella vulgaris

The wide application of ?-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles (NPs) in different fields has resulted release and accumulation these materials into the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, it is important to understand potential impact NPs on organisms especially primary producers i.e., microalgae. Present study aimed investigate bioavailability effect growth iron deprived cells Chlorella vulgaris . Results showed that are not available as source support C. Moreover??-Fe induced stress condition , which were reflected its rates, total lipid contents, fatty acid profile cell morphology. Specifically, low concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 5, 10 mg/L) similar contents at both exponential stationary phases. At 50 100 mg/L biomass reduced by 41.2% 83.7% whereas increased 39.7% 25.5% respectively phase along with reduction acids. results illustrated novel insights microalgal interaction nanoparticles, providing fundamental knowledge for development future microalgae ecology cultivation technology. • micronutrients supply growth. imposed toxicity Spiking inhibit whilst decreased. morphological deformation formation EPS.